十一月初，普惠公司为其第四大飞机制造商客户——巴西航空工业公司（Embraer）的E190-E2和E195-E2飞机设计的PW1900G静洁动力齿轮传动式涡扇（GTF）发动机开始进行飞机测试项目，并顺利完成了首飞任务。也有其他公司选择使用PW1000G静洁动力发动机，包括庞巴迪公司（Bombardier）、三菱公司（Mitsubishi）、伊尔库特公司（Irkut）和空客（Airbus）。

普惠公司和巴西航空工业公司正在合作进行两个项目，E-Jet E2项目是其中之一。普惠公司参与协作，为巴西工业航空公司的KC-390运输机提供V2500-E5发动机，目前该项目正在进行认证活动。普惠也为E-Jet E2项目提供辅助动力装置。

五大飞机制造商选择使用GTF发动机，原因之一是该技术据称能够降低商用飞机的油耗和二氧化碳排量超过16%，减少受法规限制的排放超过50%。普惠表示，该发动机降低的二氧化碳排量相当于每年种植约100万棵树或者停驶300万辆轿车。同时，该发动机也能将飞机的噪音足迹缩小75%以上。

总体而言，静洁动力发动机家族已完成23,000小时以上的测试和40,000个测试循环。近期，在日内瓦举行的全球可持续航空峰会上，航空运输行动组织（ATGA）将GTF发动机列入《航空业应对气候变化案例集》（Aviation Climate Solutions），这也体现出该发动机对航空业的影响。

《航空业应对气候变化案例集》是一项航空业的协作项目，旨在降低二氧化碳排放，并帮助减轻航空业对于气候变化的影响。迄今该项目已有100个案例，普惠的PW1900G是其中之一。在日内瓦峰会期间，一封由航空业数位首席执行官署名的公开信也得以发布，重申了航空业对于采取行动应对气候变化的承诺，同时吁请各国政府支持为航空业减排制定统一的全球市场措施，提高航空运输管理效率，加快可替代燃料和新技术的研发进展。

“航空运输在世界经济中扮演着重要角色，是密切人员与商业交流的桥梁，”ATAG的执行董事Michael Gill表示。“航空业同时也在应对气候变化的行动中发挥着领导作用，目前已制定全面的框架体系和目标来减少由航空运输产生的排放。《航空业应对气候变化案例集》通过一系列案例研究，展示了包括普惠公司在内的全球航空业各界同仁，共同为减轻本行业对气候变化的影响所做的努力。”

2008年，航空业成为首个制定全球目标以积极应对气候变化影响的行业。通过推行碳中立发展理念，航空业将在2020年稳定其二氧化碳净排放量，即在持续增加航空运输量满足社会经济发展需求的同时，通过统一的全球市场措施来抵消全行业的碳排放量增长。长期目标是，到2050年将航空运输业的二氧化碳净排放量减至2005年的一半。　

“静洁动力GTF发动机为未来可持续的航空业带来了巨大价值，” 普惠公司技术与环境副总裁Alan Epstein博士表示。“它的发展激励了商用飞机制造商掀起新一轮的创新。”

作者：Jean L. Broge

来源：SAE《航空工程杂志》

翻译：SAE上海办公室

Pratt & Whitney's PW1900G engine takes off

In early November, Pratt & Whitney's PW1900G PurePower Geared Turbofan (GTF) engine for the Embraer E190-E2 and E195-E2 aircraft, successfully completed its first flight, initiating the engine's flight test program for Embraer, PurePower's fourth airframer customer. Also on the PW1000G PurePower dance card isBombardier, Mitsbushi, Irkut, and Airbus.

The E-Jet E2 program is one of two that Pratt & Whitney and Embraer are working together on. Pratt & Whitney is part of the collaboration that supplies the V2500-E5 engine for the Embraer KC-390, which is going through its certification campaign. Pratt & Whitney also supplies the auxiliary power unit for the E-Jet E2 program.

Just some of the reasons why five airframers have chosen the GTF engine is that the technology is said to reduce commercial aircraft fuel burn and carbon dioxide emissions by more than 16% and reduce regulated emissions by more than 50%. P&W claims that the engine will reduce CO₂ emissions at a level equivalent to planting nearly 1 million trees or removing 3 million cars off the road—every year. Also, the engine reduces the aircraft noise footprint by more than 75%.

Overall, the PurePower engine family has completed more than 23,000 hours of testing and 40,000 cycles, and its impact in the industry is reflected by the GTF engine recently being cited as an Aviation Climate Solution by the Air Transport Action Group (ATAG) at the Global Sustainable Aviation Summit in Geneva. 

Aviation Climate Solutions is a collaboration within the aviation industry that has identified 100 examples, P&W's PW1900G being one such example, to cut carbon dioxide emissions and help reduce aviation's impact on climate change. During the Summit, an open letter from industry chief executives was released that reaffirmed the industry's commitment to climate action and called on governments to support it with the development of a global market-based measure for aviation emissions, improving efficiency in air traffic management, and accelerating research for alternative fuels and new technology.

"Aviation plays a vital role in the world economy, providing connectivity for people and business," said Michael Gill, Executive Director, ATAG. "Our industry has also taken a lead in climate action, putting in place a comprehensive framework and goals to reduce emissions from air transport. The Aviation Climate Solutions are a set of case studies showing how different parts of the industry all over the world, including Pratt & Whitney are working to reduce our climate impact." 

In 2008, the aviation sector became the first to set global goals to proactively manage its climate change impact. The industry will stabilize its net CO₂ emissions from 2020 through a concept called carbon-neutral growth, whereby traffic would continue to rise to meet social and economic demands, but growth would be offset through a global market-based measure. The longer-term goal is to reduce net CO₂emissions from aviation to half of what they were in 2005, by 2050.

"The PurePower GTF engine provides immense value to the future of sustainable aviation," said Dr. Alan Epstein, Pratt & Whitney's Vice President, Technology and Environment. "Its development spurred a new period of innovation among commercial aircraft manufacturers." 

Author: Jean L. Broge

Source: SAE Aerospace Engineering Magazine